A
DOCUMENT Air Waybill (Lettre de Transport Aérien [LTA])
RULES Warsaw Convention 1929, Hague Protocol 1955, Montreal Protocol 1998
ASSOCIATES Linking agent Airlines….
LIMITATIONS ON CLAIM / EXCLUSION FROM LIABILITY Force majeure / Act of God, Fault by Loader / Navigation mistake, Inherent vice, War, Insufficient packaging, Public authorities, Coverage up to 19 XDR / KG (Montreal) - 17 XDR / KG (Warsaw) (XDR or SDR Special Drawing Rights 1 XDR = 1,26495 EUR)
PRICING 1 Ton = 6m³ (1m³ = 167 Kg) (Length * Width * Height in cm ) / 6000 ! Some count 1 Ton = 5m³ !
WHERE IS THE WEIGHT BREAK? (The point at which the weight of a shipment is large enough to be assessed the lower freight rates which are applicable to larger shipments, as per the carrier's tariff.)
ULD - Unit load device (see sizes - site 1 * site 2)
The Air Waybill
Master / House
AWB is always issued in several copies depending on the involved party.
- Between the shipping company and the forwarding agent
- a Master copy is issued, this copy includes pricing and charges information, and any other information to be communicated between these two parties
- Between the forwarding agent and the shipper/consignee/notify
- a House copy is issued, this copy does not include freight charges/costs but includes all information concerning the product and shipment (loading port, destination, dates, sailing on...)
Freight Prepaid/Freight Collect/Franco
- Freight prepaid is mentioned on the shipping document when freight has already been paid for - Please note that whether freight has been factually paid or not this ensures that merchandise may be released to consignee once arrived (after having cleared for customs of course).
- Freight collect is mentioned when shipment is made but haulier/transporter is not to release merchandise before collection of payment.
Modes | AIRFREIGHT | |
Distinctive features | ||
Rules | Warsaw Convention (1929) The Hague Protocol (1955) |
Montreal Protocol n4 (1998) |
Documents | AWB - Air waybill | |
Emitted by (# of copies) | Airline or agent (3 copies) | |
Transport associates | 👤 Consolidator (groupeur - commissionnaire) 👤 Freight forwarder (transitaire - mandataire) 👤 Airfreight agent (IATA approved) 👤 GSA (General sales agent) !! Transport mandatory => linking agent �� ↘ not responsible for sub-contractors !! Transport commissioner => intermediary �� ↘ organizes whole transport, responsible for sub-contractors |
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Brokerage | From airline to freight forwarder - usually 5% | |
Means of conveyance | Mixt => passengers + freight All cargo / freight only / Cargo aircraft |
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Combined Transport | ||
Carrier inspection: rights and mandatory | Weight and volume | |
Haulier's field of responsibility Loss and damages |
Art. 18 WC from loading to delivery, on weight and number of packages |
MP presumption of responsibility |
Haulier's responsibility:� delays | only if agreed or excesif delay | only ig agreed or excesif delay |
Limitations on claims and actions Exclusion from liability |
WC 🌪 force majeure 🌪 act of god (natural catastrophy) 🌪 fault by loader 🌪 navigation mistake |
MP 🌪 inherent vice 🌪 war 🌪 defective packaging 🌪 authorities |
Will load if - in good shape (clean) | Only weight and amount of parcels | |
Limited indemnity �� ↘ as determined by transport regulations �� ↘ limited by the weight of the goods |
17 XDR / Kg IMF unit - approx. 1.16 EUR (Jan. 2018) |
17 XDR / Kg IMF unit - approx. 1.16 EUR (Jan. 2018) |
Reservations made against last operator Unnoticeable damage �- precise,� - dated, - to be confirmed |
Acknowledgment letter (LRAR) - 14 calendar days after
receipt In France - amicable settlement or judiciary expertise (art. 106 Code du commerce) Damage report (constat d'avaries) |
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Extent of coverage | Declaration of value for carriage Inexcusable fault of transporter |
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Insurance duration | Up to 15 days after arrival at airport | |
Capacity | Allowed height on B747F main deck���� 244 cm B747F lower deck�� 157 cm DC8F upper deck���� 208 cm DC10 lower deck���� 163 cm A310���������������������������� 163 cm A320���������������������������� 117 cm Mixt����������������������������� 160 cm □ Pallet with net������������������������� □ Container contoured □ Container rectangular����������� □ Igloo Demurrage charges for late tender of ULD to carrier: xxx shall be assessed for each 24H period, in excess of 48H computed from midnight on the date of receipt of ULD ULD (plane pallet) - 224/318cm�� for 4.5 Tons |
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Loading | Airline �� ↘ handling company on behalf of loader or airline Horizontal / side handling �� ↘ roller bed 👤 Load master / airlift planner □ cargo plan |
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Transit time | Very short | |
Availability | High | |
Competition | Moderate | |
Loss averages | Very low | |
Delay | Few | |
Advantages | → speed and safety for goods → regularity & reliability |
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Traffic | High value or perishable goods suitable for inter-continental transport urgent / rush / express |
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Pricing rules | The Air Cargo Tariff (TACT) �� ↘ IATA apart from "outsiders" but same taxation rules General Cargo Rates / Freight All Kind (FAK) �� ↘ Rule of paying for �� ↘ Price bands per weight Specific Commodity Rates �� ↘ Class rates / Corates ULD (Unit Load Device) rates �� ↘ + safety tax / security charges Also - other surcharges (fuel = MYC, .....) 👤 SCY Known agents / regulated agent 👤 SCN Unknwon agents (Security Cargo Network) |
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Weight to volume relationship | 1 ton = 6 m3 (1 m3 = 167Kg) Length * width * height in cm ������������������������ 6000������������������������� => volume weight Volumetric cargo based on density of 336 cu in/kg !! IATA rules as of 2002 => 1 ton = 5 m3!! |
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